Combination drafting instrument



0a. s, 192.5.l

M. EscALANTE coranmlouA DRAFTING INSTRUMENT 'Filed Appii 6, 1952 mami/mo S/o BY fv ATTORNEYS.

IN VEN TOR.

Pittman oci. s, 193s 2,015,439.,

` -UNITED-ASTATES PATENT ATOFFICE Q i 2,016,489 l. i i ooivrrna'rroN DRAFTING VINsiinI'JrIEN'r Maximo Escalante, summit, n.13. Application Aprile, 1932, serial Nolsoasofz y1 claim. (or :a- 104)y This invention relates to drafting instruments has a main section I constituting the major por- `and more particularly to a combination triangle tion of a quadrant yand an auxiliary section or and protractor having associated therewith an end portion 2 forming aportion of a triangle and .irregular curve. i, f f i having a straightcut edge 3 A constituting Vthe 5 vOne object of the. invention is to provide a perpendicular edge of they triangle. This edge 5 drafting instrument which will combine in a .extends from the edge! atright angles thereto single instrument a large number of instruments and it will be noted that the' edge 4 constitutes used` by draftsmen, architects,l engineers and Athe base of both'the'quadrant and the triangle. others doing similar work,4 thereby .eliminating a The arcuate upper edge 5 of the quadrant 'is y large number of` instruments which not only I, extended acrossthe end portion 2 as shown atm vtake upan amount of spaceupon adrafting table 6 to complete a quadrant having an arc of 180 or desk but are yliable .to be lost .or misplaced and ends of this arc'areconnected by a line 'l when put, away or even when in use.4 extending parallel to the' straight edge 4. A line Another object of theA 'nvention is to provide 8 corresponding. to the line Lextends parallel to a combinationdrafting instrument which is very the edge 3 and ani-arcuate line 9 parallels the 15 compact and while including in its construction edge.,5 0f the qlladfentf lThere has e150 `been a 4large number of instruments' Iwill be of such provided a line I0 between the line 9 and arcuate sizethat it can be conveniently handledvwhen in edge `of the quadrant. UThe diagonally cuuedgel e ,y l* l ,II together with the line I2 forms the hypotenuse Another object of the invention is to so convof the triangle. Therefore, the sheet is so formed 20 structthe device that it can not only :be used that it combines a quadrant of 180 and a right .for drawing lines at desireddanglesl to each other e angle triengief 3.1301471011 0f eeen being rdisposed but also for drawing circles of various diameters v in overlying relation te the Otherf t A or irregularv curves and in vaddition used as a In Order thetthe instrument may be usedes scalewhen plotting maps or making drawings arulefor drawing-horizontal and vertical lines 25 to scale.. p f j` l. of determined lengths, the upper rface -of the Still another object of the invention resides sheet along the edges 3 and 4 isprovidedwith in providing an instrument which is simple and scale markings whicharemeter and inch markdurable in construction, inexpensive to manuings respectively and the diagonal edge II is also 3o facture and one which will be very eiicient in provided with inch markings. 30 use. i The space between the inch markings is sub- AWith these and numerous other objects in divided into fractions of an inch and a number View, my invention consists in the novel features 0f different fractions have been provided s0 that of construction, combination and arrangement of the instrument can be used by an architect or parts as will .be hereinafter referred to and more engineer When making drawings to See1e There 35 particularly pointed out in the specification and have 21150 been provided legends adjacent the claim. scales to facilitate use of the instrument when In the accompanying drawing forming a part an linch or multiple thereof is to represent a foot of this application: or other unit of length upon a drawing. The Figure 1 is a face view of the instrument; arcuate edge portion of the protractor is divided 40 Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the into degrees and at every ten degrees are proline 2--2 of Figure I; vided numerals indicating degrees when read Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the from either end of the arc. line l-3 of Figure 1.` Within the confines of the protractor the sheet y In describing this invention, I shall refer to is cut out to. form an irregularr curve as shown 45 the drawing in which similar'reference characat I3 Vand adjacent opposite ends of the irregular ters designate corresponding parts throughoutr curve are formed slots I4 and I5. Scale markthe several views. This drafting instrument conings which may be centimeters or inches and' sists of a fiat sheet of thin material which may fractions thereof are provided along edges of the be wood, Celluloid, metal such as steel or alumislots and it should be noted that the slot I4 ex- 50 num, or any other material found suitable but tends from the line 1 at an angle of 30 while will preferably be 'transparent in order that a slot I5 extends from this line at an angle of 45. drawing upon which the instrument is placed Therefore, lines at these angles can be easily when inuse will be visible. drawn by passing a pencil point through the This sheet is shaped asshownin Figure 1 and slots. By using the marked arcuate edge of the l5 protractor as a scale and marking the paper. the instrument can be turned about a pin or other pointed implement passed through the opening I6 formed at the center of the line 'l until the slot I4 is in the proper position and a line at any desired angle drawn. For convenience, there have been provided lines l1 and I8 which lead from the center opening I6 at angles of 45 and 60 to the base line 1 of the quadrant. In addition to the diagonally extending lines there have been provided lines I9 and 20 extending longitudinally and transversely of the sheet. The lines I9 extend parallel to each other as also do the lines 20. It should be noted that the lines I9 have their Aendsbintersecting degree marks upon the scale adjacent the arcuate edge of the protractor while the lines 20 lead upwardly from inch marks along the base line to degree marks on the protractor and cross the lines at right angles thereto. Therefore these crossed lines may be used to lay oif lines of latitude and longitude when making a map. Per-f forations 2l are formed atthe inch marks of the base line and similar perforations 22 and 23 are formed along the degree scale of the protractor and the meter scale. By this arrangement the point of a pencil can be passed through selected perforations to mark a sheet of paper upon which the drafting instrument rests and by passing a pointed instrument through the opening I6 to serve as a pivot and a pencil vpoint through a selected one of the openings 2|.a circle of a desired diameter can be made. v

I have, therefore, provided'adrafting instrument which will take the place of a large number vof instruments used by draftsxnen, architects and engineers when making a drawing. I have further provided an instrument not only combining in its construction a number of instruments but have so constructed the device that the protractor and triangle will be of a large sizeand each extends the full length of the sheet of material in overlapping relation to the other. There has also been provided an irregular curve and diagonale which can be conveniently used and linear scales divided into fractions for use when making a drawing to scale.

From Vthe foregoing description of the construction of my improved instrument, the application of the same to use will be readily understood. It will be seen that I have provided a simple, inexpensive and eicient means for carrying out the objects of the invention.

While I have particularly described the elements best adapted to perform the functions set forth, it is obvious that various changes in form, proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing 10 from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of the principles thereof.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

In a combination drafting instrument, a body of sheet material having a straight lower edge and a straight end edge rising from one end of the lower edgevat right angles thereto and together therewith forming the base line and perpendicular line of a right-angle triangle, a line being provided upon said body adjacent the lower edge thereof in spaced parallel relation thereto and extending substantially the full length of the body and constituting the lower straight portion of a protractor, openings being formed through the body in spaced relation to each other longitudinally of the lower straight portion of the protractor with one opening located at the center thereof, the arcuate portion of the protractor being of 180 in length with its ends in- 3Q tersecting the lowerv straight portion and for a major portion of its extent constituting an arcuate upper edge for the'body starting at the opposite end of the body from the straight end edge thereof, the remainder of the arcuate portion of the protractor being in the form of a line provided upon the body and extending from the upper edge thereof to the adjacent end of the lower straight portion, and the remainder of the upper edge of the body being straight and ex- 40 tending diagonally between the arcuate edge thereof and the upper end of the straight end edge of the body along a line constituting a continuation of a line extending across the body to the other end of the lower straight portion and 4'5 constituting the hypotenuse or the triangle.

MAXIMO ESCALANTE. 

